Analisis Status Gizi serta Asupan Energi dan Zat Gizi Anak Down Syndrome di Rumah Ceria Down Syndrome
Abstract
Abstrak – Anak Down Syndrome merupakan kelompok yang rentan mengalami masalah gizi gemuk dan obese.Masalah gizi yang terjadi umumnya berkaitan erat dengan asupan zat gizi yang tidak proporsional. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis status gizi serta asupan energi dan zat gizi anak Down Syndrome di Rumah Ceria Down Syndrome. Desain penelitian ini merupakan cross sectional study yang dilaksanakan pada bulan Februari – September 2019 di Rumah Ceria Down Syndrome. Pengambilan subjek dilakukan dengan metode purposive sampling yang terdiri dari 29 anak.Data berat badan dan tinggi badan subjek dikumpulkan melalui penimbangan dan pengukuran secara langsung. Data asupan energi dan zat gizi subjek dikumpulkan menggunakan kuesioner recall 2x24 jam, sedangkan data karakteristik subjek dikumpulkan menggunakan kuesioner. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebanyak 44,8% anak Down Syndrome dalam penelitian ini berstatus gizi normal, 24,1% berstatus gizi gemuk, 20,7% berstatus gizi obese, dan 10,3% sisanya berstatus gizi kurus. Asupan energi maupun zat gizi sebagian besar subjek berada dalam kategori tidak proporsional. Hanya sebagian kecil subjek yang memiliki tingkat kecukupan energi, protein, dan karbohidrat dengan kategori normal (masing-masing 17,2%, 27,6%, dan 24,1%). Hasil analisis bivariat menunjukkan terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara pendapatan keluarga dengan status gizi anak Down Syndrome (p<0,05).
Abstract – Down Syndrome children have a higher risk of nutritional problems, especially overweight and obese. Nutritional problems generally related to disproportional nutrition intake. This research was aimed to analyze the nutritional status, energy and nutrition intake of Down Syndrome children in Rumah Ceria Down Syndrome. The design of this study was cross-sectional study conducted from February – September 2019 in Rumah Ceria Down Syndrome. Subjects in this study were selected using purposive sampling consisting of 29 children. Weight and height were collected through direct measurement. Energy and nutrition intake was collected using a 2x24 recall questionnaire, while characteristics of the subject were collected using a questionnaire. The results showed that 44,8% of subjects in this study had normal nutritional status, 24,1% of subjects classified as overweight, 20,7% obese, and 10,3% thin. Most of the subjects had disproportional energy and nutrition intake. Only a few subjects had energy, protein and carbohydrate adequacy level in normal category (17,2%, 27,6%, and 24,1%, respectively). Bivariate analysis showed that there was a significant correlation between family income and nutritional status of Down Syndrome children (p < 0,05)
Keywords - Down syndrome, Nutritional status, Energy intake, Nutrition intake
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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.36722/sst.v5i3.377
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