Upaya Pemberantasan dan Pencegahan Perdagangan Orang Melalui Hukum Internasional dan Hukum Positif Indonesia

Abstract

Artikel ini membahas mengenai ketentuan hukum perdagangan orang, upaya pemberantasan dan pencegahan perdagangan orang melalui upaya-upaya yang bersifat internasional maupun di Indonesia serta implementasinya di lapangan. Adapun yang menjadi latar belakang penulis memilih judul ini karena semakin maraknya kasus perdagangan orang terutama khususnya yang terjadi di kalangan perempuan dan anak. Indonesia tidak hanya dianggap sebagai negara pengirim saja, tetapi juga sebuah negara transit dan tujuan untuk korban. Pokok permasalahan dalam artikel ini adalah bagaimanakah pengaturan upaya pemberantasan dan pencegahan perdagangan orang melalui instrumen hukum internasional, bagaimanakah permasalahan perdagangan orang yang berlangsung di Indonesia, serta bagaimanakah pengaturan upaya pemberantasan dan pencegahan perdagangan orang melalui hukum positif Indonesia. Kesimpulan dari permasalahan di atas adalah pertama, telah ada pengaturan dalam rangka upaya pemberantasan dan pencegahan perdagangan orang melalui instrumen internasional antara lain United Nations Protocol to Prevent, Suppress and Punish Trafficking in Persons, Especially Women and Children) tahun 2000 atau dikenal juga sebagai Protokol Palermo yang sifatnya melengkapi the United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime, The International Convention on the Elimination of All forms of Discrimination Against Women/ CEDAW, Peraturan lainnya adalah The International Convention on the Rights of the Child/CRC (Konvensi Hak Anak). Selain itu, The International Convention on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of Their Families. Kemudian Convention Against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment, Kedua, Di Indonesia, perdagangan orang telah terjadi dalam kurun waktu yang lama. Namun, karena tiadanya Undang-Undang yang komprehensif dengan hukum penegakan dan ditambah dengan kurangnya kepekaan pejabat pemerintah serta kesadaran masyarakat, kejahatan ini terus menjadi persoalan dan tantangan utama yang dihadapi oleh pemerintah dan masyarakat. International Organization for Migration (IOM), sejak tahun 2005 telah mengidentifikasi dan membantu korban perdagangan orang di Indonesia sebanyak 3.339 orang. Dimana hampir 90% dari korban adalah perempuan, dan lebih dari 25% adalah anak-anak. perdagangan orang di Indonesia menjadi permasalahan yang sangat penting untuk di bahas, mengingat bahwa banyak warga Indonesia yang menjadi objek dari perdagangan orang itu sendiri sehingga perlu adanya upaya terpadu dari semua pihak, terutama pihak pemerintah. Ketiga, upaya pemberantasan dan pencegahan perdagangan orang telah diupayakan dengan hadirnya UU No.21 Tahun 2007 Tentang Pemberantasan Tindak Pidana Perdagangan Orang dengan harapan agar dapat menjadi solusi atas penegakan hukum bagi korban-korban perdagangan orang di Indonesia.

Abstract

This article discusses the legal provisions of trafficking in persons, and prevention to combat trafficking in persons through the efforts of an international prevention as well as in Indonesia and its implementation. As for the background of the author chose this title because of the increasing number of cases of trafficking in persons, particularly the case among women and children. Indonesia is not only regarded as a sending country, but also a transit and destination country for victims. The issue in this article is how the regulation and prevention efforts to combat trafficking through international legal instruments, how the problem of trafficking that took place in Indonesia, as well as how regulation and prevention efforts to combat trafficking in persons through the positive law of Indonesia. The conclusion from the above is the first, there is an existing arrangements in the context of efforts to combat and prevent trafficking based on international instruments such as the United Nations Protocol to Prevent, Suppress and Punish Trafficking in Persons, Especially Women and Children) in 2000, also known as the Palermo Protocol complementary nature of the United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime, The International Convention on the Elimination of All forms of Discrimination Against Women/ CEDAW, other rules are the International Convention on the Rights of the Child/CRC (Convention on the Rights of the Child). In addition, The International Convention on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of Their Families. Furthermore, the Convention Against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment. Second, In Indonesia, trafficking in person has occurred in the period of time. However, in the absence of comprehensive legislation to law enforcement and coupled with a lack of sensitivity and awareness of government officials, this crime continues to be the main issues and challenges faced by government and society. International Organization for Migration (IOM), since 2005 has been to identify and assist trafficking victims in Indonesia as many as 3339 people and nearly 90% of victims are women, and more than 25% are children. trafficking in persons in Indonesia become a very important issue to be discussed, considering that many citizens of Indonesia which is the object of trafficking itself so it needs a concerted effort from all parties, especially the government. Third, the efforts to combat and prevent trafficking in persons has been attempted by the presence of Act 21 of 2007 on Eradication of Trafficking in Persons with hope that can be a solution of law enforcement for the victims of trafficking in Indonesia.